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What Is Prehypertension Blood Pressure

What Increases My Risk For Prehypertension

Understanding Prehypertension
  • Obesity or lack of exercise
  • Eating too much sodium
  • Low intake of fruits, vegetables, and other foods high in potassium
  • Use of tobacco, alcohol, or illegal drugs
  • A medical condition, such as diabetes, high cholesterol, or sleep apnea
  • Medicines, such as steroids or birth control pills
  • A family history of hypertension or heart disease
  • Age older than 55 years
  • Age older than 65 years

Is There Treatment For Prehypertension

Prehypertension is a warning sign. It means that you’re at a greater risk of high blood pressure. Depending on your blood pressure and risk factors for heart disease, you may only need to make a few lifestyle adjustments. Here are some strategies to help you manage prehypertension:

It’s important to get your blood pressure checked regularly. Know your blood pressure number. Let your doctor know if your blood pressure number is higher.

You can monitor your blood pressure between doctor’s visits with a home blood pressure monitor. Or, you can use an electronic blood pressure monitor at your local pharmacy, grocery store, or fire station.

Talk to your doctor about your blood pressure. Ask if diet and exercise can help lower your risk of getting high blood pressure.

Hypertension: What You Need To Know As You Age

You cant see high blood pressure, also called hypertension. And most ofthe time, you cant feel it. But if youre among the 78 million Americanswith hypertension or are one of the 70 million with prehypertension, its important to understandits effects on your healthand to take action today to bring your numbersdown to healthier levels.

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the inner walls of yourarteries. It has normal fluctuations throughout the dayfalling when yourerelaxed or asleep, rising naturally in the morning, and increasingtemporarily when youre under stress, excited or exercising. But when yourresting blood pressure level rises too high, it can scar, stiffen and/orweaken blood vessels. This effect can double your risk for aheart attack quadruple your odds for astroke raise your risk forheart failure, vision loss, kidney problems,dementiaand circulation problems such asperipheral artery disease weaken your bones and contribute toerectile dysfunctionin men.

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Providence Physicians Say Its Important To Be Proactive About Reducing And Reversing Your Prehypertension

High blood pressure is typically a symptom-less condition. So its no surprise that almost one in three adults in the U.S. has prehypertension: blood pressure that is higher than normal but not quite in the HBP range.

Blood pressure measures how hard blood pushes against artery walls as the heart pumps. In general, lower blood pressure is healthier, as HBP is linked to stroke, heart attack, and heart disease. A person is considered to have prehypertension if the systolic pressure is between 120 and 139 mmHg or if the diastolic pressure is between 80 and 89 mmHg.

If you know you have prehypertension, the good news is you can do something about it. Reduce your risk of developing HBP by practicing these 7 healthy habits:

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement

A Layman

ABPM has become a useful tool to evaluate the true blood pressure burden and it has been shown to be a better predictor of cardiovascular events than are office blood pressure measurements. In a recent study of almost 5,000 patients from the Spanish ABPM Registry 60% of patients with office pressure of 130 to 139/85 to 89 mmHg, 42% with office pressure of 140 to 159/90 to 99 mmHg and 53% with office blood pressures of above 160/100 mmHg were actually normotensive according to the 24-h ABPM measuring criteria, that is, their mean ABPM was below 130/80 mmHg) . Clearly therefore office blood pressure measurements can be deceptive in identifying the specific stage of hypertensive cardiovascular disease. This problem was also encountered in a very recent analysis of Mahfoud et al., in patients who had renal denervation on ABPM. There was a significant reduction of 8 to 10 mm Hg systolic and 4 to 7 mm Hg diastolic, but clearly less impressive that the reduction of the office blood pressure in the same population ) and ) .

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Prehypertension And Kidney Disease

Having a higher than optimal blood pressure damages the tiny filtering units within the kidneys. Research involving 261,264 people aged from 20 to 89 years, who were followed for up to 11 years found that people with prehypertension were 28% more likely to develop chronic kidney disease than those with optimal blood pressure.

How Often Should You Get Your Blood Pressure Checked

Regularly checking your blood pressure is the best way to know if its within a healthy range.

If your blood pressure is normal, the American Heart Association recommends checking it at least once every two years.

If your blood pressure is high, your doctor might recommend more frequent readings. The best frequency will also depend on your medical and family history.

Prehypertension can develop for many reasons. This includes:

  • Lack of physical activity. A
  • intake of alcohol can also raise blood pressure by constricting your blood vessels.
  • Lack of sleep. Your blood pressure naturally decreases during sleep. But if you dont get enough sleep, your blood pressure may stay high for a longer time.

The following risk factors are also associated with prehypertension and hypertension:

  • being older
  • being overweight
  • having diabetes
  • having a family history of hypertension

Race as a risk factor for prehypertension and hypertension may be related to a lack of access to healthcare services among historically marginalized groups.

The goal of prehypertension treatment is to reduce your blood pressure and prevent hypertension.

Commonly, treatment involves lifestyle changes. These changes often include:

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Classification Of Blood Pressure

The JNC7 report departed from historical approaches and from other guidelines in its approach to classification of blood pressure. The classification added a new term, pre-hypertension, for those at risk for developing hypertension. Table 96-1 shows the classification of blood pressure for adults as detailed in the JNC7 report. There is also a departure from the JNC6 report in that the classification which is used to make decisions regarding initial drug therapy does not take into consideration other risk factors but only measured blood pressure as a determination for treatment decisions.

Jeffrey R. Parnell MD, Lee M. Jampol MD, in, 2008

Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes

Prevent Prehypertension With Simple Steps

The management of HTN is an interprofessional. The key is to educate the patient on the silent disease and its devastating complications. The pharmacist should educate the patient on compliance with medications to lower blood pressure. The primary care provider and nurse practitioner should encourage a change in lifestyle, discontinuation of smoking, a healthy diet, and regular exercise. Unfortunately, despite 3 decades of patient education compliance to antihypertensives remain low. Further, the population remains sedentary which has its morbidity.

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What Causes High Blood Pressure

High blood pressure usually develops over time. It can happen because of unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as not getting enough regular physical activity. Certain health conditions, such as diabetes and having obesity, can also increase the risk for developing high blood pressure. High blood pressure can also happen during pregnancy.

You can manage your blood pressure to lower your risk for serious health problems that may affect your heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes.

What Is Prehypertension Are You At Risk

Take Care Of Your Body. Its The Only Place You Have To Live Jim Rohn

Small steps can lead to big changes. Know whats good for your body and take action. It is the best way to prevent chronic conditions such as hypertension. Knowing what leads to changes in your blood pressure, will help you catch prehypertension and act early.

  • What is Meant by Prehypertension?
  • What is the Prehypertension Range?
  • What Causes Prehypertension?
  • What are the Signs and Symptoms of Prehypertension?
  • What are the Treatment Measures for Prehypertension?
  • What Happens if you Dont Manage Prehypertension at an Early Stage?
  • Dont Have Time To Read?
  • FAQs

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Stroke And Brain Problems

High blood pressure can cause the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain to burst or be blocked, causing a stroke. Brain cells die during a stroke because they do not get enough oxygen. Stroke can cause serious disabilities in speech, movement, and other basic activities. A stroke can also kill you.

Having high blood pressure, especially in midlife, is linked to having poorer cognitive function and dementia later in life. Learn more about the link between high blood pressure and dementia from the National Institutes of Healths Mind Your Risks®external icon campaign.

Understanding The Stages Of Hypertension

New Blood Pressure Guideline Sets Lower 130/80 Threshold

High blood pressure is classified in one of several categories and those designations can influence treatment.

Doctors classify blood pressure into four categories: normal, prehypertension , stage 1 and stage 2 . Treatment depends on which category your pressure consistently falls in when readings are taken. The stages are based on the Joint National Committee 7 report done by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, which is a part of the National Institutes of Health.

Are you doing everything you can to manage your heart condition? Find out with our interactive checkup.

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Comparison Of Frequency Of Male Gender Subjects With Family History Of Cvd And Leading Sedentary Life Between Prehypertensives And Normotensives

Frequency of males with systolic prehypertension was significantly higher compared to females vs. 14 , Chi-square=12.28, p< 0.0001). Frequency of male subjects with diastolic prehypertension was significantly higher compared to female subjects vs. n = 6 Chi-square=5.271, p = 0.022). Number of subjects with family history of CVD in systolic pre-hypertensive group was not significantly different compared to normotensive group vs. n = 19 , Chi-square = 0.762, p = 0.383). Number of subjects with family history of CVD in diastolic prehypertensive group was not significantly different compared to normotensive group vs. 10 . Number of subjects not doing exercise in systolic pre-hypertensive group was not significantly different compared to normotensive group vs. n = 30 , Chi-square =1.868, p = 0.172). Number of subjects not doing exercise in diastolic prehypertensive group was not significantly different compared to normotensive group vs. 4 , Chi-square = 2.823, p = 0.09).

Is Sensitive Skin A Side Effect Of Blood Pressure Medication

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There is some evidence that estrogen also affects the immune system, which is responsible for inflammation caused by buildup of bad cholesterol in the arteries.

“Estrogen might protect women from heart disease, which is potentially good news,” Dr. Tailor said.

It is not thought that hormone replacement therapies or any hormones taken via pill, cream, injection or infusion have any effect on cholesterol.

“It’s really just the estrogen made by the body that makes a difference,” Dr. Tailor said.

For women, maintaining healthy cholesterol levels is a great way to keep your heart healthy. It can lower your chances of getting& nbsp heart disease& nbsp or having a& nbsp stroke.

“We recommend adults have cholesterol checked when they start seeing a primary care provider,” Dr. Tailor said. Low-risk individuals will re-check every five years. Higher risk people may re-check every three years or more frequently, depending on risk factors.

“Talk to your doctor. They will. Help you determine the best schedule for cholesterol checks,” Dr. Tailor said.

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Prehypertension: Does It Really Matter

Learn about normal BP, prehypertension, hypertension & hypotension!

ARCHIVED CONTENT: As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date each article was posted or last reviewed. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.

Dr. Scipione Riva-Rocci started it all in 1896, when he perfected the sphygmomanometer, or blood pressure cuff. As doctors took blood pressure readings on millions of people over the years, it became clear that hypertension is a major threat to health, increasing the risk of stroke, heart attack, congestive heart failure, kidney failure, and visual loss. And as data accumulated, it also became clear that there is no bright line between a healthy blood pressure and a harmful one in general, the lower the pressure, the better.

Nevertheless, doctors need a target for blood pressure, and patients also need a goal. Those goals changed in 2003, when the authoritative Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure issued its Seventh Report . The report set the threshold for a normal blood pressure reading lower than ever before, at 120/80 millimeters of mercury , and it also established a new diagnostic category of “prehypertension” .

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How Can You Manage Your High Blood Pressure

Treatment of high blood pressure often starts with lifestyle changes, including decreasing salt in your diet, losing weight if necessary, stopping smoking, cutting down on alcohol use, and regular exercise.

In addition to lifestyle changes, medications are often used to lower blood pressure. There are several types of medications that treat high blood pressure with each type of medication having benefits and risks that should be carefully weighed by you and your health care provider. Most people take more than one medication in order to bring their blood pressure down to their treatment goal.

Your blood pressure medication should begin to work within days. However, because high blood pressure is a long-lasting medical condition that often has little or no symptoms, remembering to take your medications can be a challenge. Combination medicines, long-acting or once-a-day medications, may be used to decrease the burden of taking numerous medications and help ensure medications regularly. Once started, the medication should be used until your doctor tells you to stop.

Controlling your blood pressure should be part of a healthy living plan and lifelong task. The damage that high blood pressure causes your internal organs does not cause any symptoms until serious damage has been done.

Clinical And Public Health Implications

The potential impact of managing prehypertension is speculative because direct evidence that treatment of BP in this range leads to reduced CVD events is lacking. An outcome trial in the general population with prehypertension that has the power to demonstrate beneficial effects of BP lowering in this range would need to be prohibitively large. However, given the clustering of risk factors with prehypertension,4 an outcome trial in high-risk prehypertensives is potentially feasible. Indeed, there is already 1 such trial: patients with coronary artery disease and prehypertension treated with 2 different classes of antihypertensive agents experienced BP lowering and reduction in CVD events compared with a control group.52 The fact that there was equivalent reduction in CVD outcomes with different classes of antihypertensive agents in this trial and others53 suggests that the benefit can be attributed to the BP lowering itself, and therefore can be expected with nonpharmacological interventions with similar efficacy. Ongoing trials may offer an opportunity to study the impact of long-term lifestyle change on CVD outcomes.54

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Causes Of Prehypertension And What To Do About It

Among the causes of prehypertension are , which requires more blood production and flow through the body, which in turn puts greater pressure on the walls of the arteries. People more at risk for prehypertension also include those with , and , adrenal or . Pregnant women, people who drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes or take illegal drugs, are also more likely be prehypertensive. High blood pressure and hypertension also runs in families .

While prehypertension seldom produces symptoms, you can tell if you have it by getting your blood pressure checked regularly. If you do have prehypertension, the good news is you can manage it with dietary and lifestyle changes, including the DASH diet , losing weight, managing stress and avoiding alcohol and cigarettes.

If you are at risk for hypertension or you already have prehypertension, be sure to talk with your doctor about your diet and lifestyle. Your doctor can help keep an eye on your blood pressure while guiding you in lowering it on your own without the use of medication.

To schedule an appointment with a Lankenau Heart Institute specialist, or .

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