High Diastolic Blood Pressure Meaning
If youve noticed the lower number on your blood pressure measurements has been high lately, your curiosity may be peaked. Common thoughts may be, is it too high or should I be worried? Therefore, lets answer the question, what does it mean when the diastolic blood pressure number is high?
A high diastolic blood pressure number means the pressure against the artery walls is increased when the heart is relaxed. A consistently high diastolic number of 80 mmHg or more increases the risk of higher systolic blood pressure, ischemic heart disease and stroke as a person ages.
This article will explain details everyone should know about high diastolic blood pressure. Ill inform you what the different diastolic numbers indicate, causes, consequences and ways to lower it.
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Causes Of Low Diastolic Blood Pressure
There are three known causes of isolated diastolic hypotension:
- Alpha-blocker medications. These blood pressure medications work by causing your blood vessels to open up . Because they lower diastolic pressure more than systolic pressure, they may cause isolated diastolic hypotension. Common brand names include Minipress and Cardura.
- The aging process. As we age, we lose the elasticity of our arteries. For some older adults, arteries may become too stiff to spring back between heartbeats, causing diastolic blood pressure to be low.
- Too much salt in your diet. Dietary salt can decrease elasticity of your blood vessels. If you take in too much salt, you may increase your risk for low diastolic blood pressure.
There are several common causes of overall hypotension, which would include a low diastolic number.
- Overtreatment of high blood pressure. For some people, especially people over age 60, lowering systolic blood pressure below 120 may cause diastolic pressure to fall below 60.
Decrease Your Salt Intake
Salt is the enemy of high blood pressure, says Dr. Desai. When you eat too much salt, it increases the amount of fluid that enters the bloodstream and arteries from the surrounding tissue, which raises the pressure in the arteries.
While you may not have to remove salt from your diet completely, avoid foods very high in salt like chips, french fries, salted nuts, soups, store-bought salad dressings, processed foods and cheese.
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Tips For Making Healthy Lifestyle Changes
If you suffer with high blood pressure, its easy to feel intimidated by the changes you need to make in order to improve your health. While some people may only need to work on one or two areas to reduce their blood pressuregetting more exercise or quitting smoking, for examplemost of us find that we need to improve our habits in at least 3 or 4 areas. But even if you smoke, drink heavily, are overweight, stressed out, sedentary, and eat nothing but junk and processed food, that doesnt mean you have to tackle everything all at once. Making lots of different lifestyle changes at the same time can be overwhelming. And when we feel overwhelmed, its easy to opt for doing nothing rather than doing something.
Start gradually and make one or two changes to begin with. Once those changes have become habit, you can tackle one or two more, and so on. For example, you may decide to start by giving up smokingand adopting some relaxation techniques to help with the stress of quittingthen move on to losing weight or improving your diet.
Lose the all or nothing thinking. Doing something, no matter how small, is always better than doing nothing. If youre eating healthy food during the week, for example, then resorting to takeouts at the weekends, your blood pressure and overall health will still be in better shape than if you were eating takeout every day.
Antihypertensive Therapy Of Sh Including Patients With Low Dbp
The 2019 systematic review and meta-analysis of antihypertensive treatment trials in elderly patients, most of them with SH, demonstrated very good results with the intensive decrease of sBP to < 140 mm Hg. All-cause mortality was diminished for 24% and CV mortality for 39% . This is a very strong impulse to proceed with more intensive treatment, but with caution, because the available clinical trials did not necessarily recruit the frailest patients. Therefore, physicians must consider the important characteristics of an individual patient, such as their cognitive ability, autonomy, and frailty, before determining treatment targets and modalities .
The general recommendations for SH treatment mostly agree in various international and national guidelines. They differ in terms of a class of recommendations and level of evidence, but most guidelines recommend thiazide diuretics and dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers . The Korean Society also recommends angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers as first-line drugs for SH . Experts in Canada do not recommend -/-blockers as the first choice of antihypertensive drug for SH unless there is a compelling indication . The authors of The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines from Great Britain recommend the same therapy as for other patients with HTN .
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Stroke And Brain Problems
High blood pressure can cause the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the brain to burst or be blocked, causing a stroke. Brain cells die during a stroke because they do not get enough oxygen. Stroke can cause serious disabilities in speech, movement, and other basic activities. A stroke can also kill you.
Having high blood pressure, especially in midlife, is linked to having poorer cognitive function and dementia later in life. Learn more about the link between high blood pressure and dementia from the National Institutes of Healths Mind Your Risks®external icon campaign.
What Is The Best Treatment For High Blood Pressure
Treatment frequently begins with lifestyle adjustments alone if your BP puts you in the elevated or stage 1 category, with an otherwise very low risk of developing heart disease over the following 10 years. Just like the risk factors above put you in the crosshairs of HBP, reducing those risk factors can help bring your BP back down.
Heres where to start:
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What Are Some Methods To Lower Blood Pressure
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How To Lower Blood Pressure After Eating Too Much Salt
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An Unresolved But Important Clinical Problem: How To Treat Very High Sbp With Too Low Dbp
In practice, when we decrease sBP to the target level, we also diminish dBP if the dBP level drops too much, we can actually increase mortality in an iatrogenic way. The explanation is simple: when BP is too low , provided it lasts, this results in tissue hypoperfusion and poor outcomes, although not all studies have confirmed this J-curve phenomenon. A fall in BP is particularly dangerous in patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the arteries, because a low prestenotic BP will result in even lower poststenotic pressure. To prevent tissue hypoperfusion, the HTN guidelines recommend that in-treatment dBP should be 70 mm Hg .
To the best of our knowledge, no definite answer to this question has been provided by RCTs. However, it would not be so difficult to take the RCT records of patients who had SH with dBP < 70 mm Hg at baseline and analyze outcomes with pretreatment sBP value as a continuous variable.
How Do You Treat Low Diastolic Blood Pressure
There are some things you can do to help prevent and manage low diastolic pressure. Try to keep your salt intake to between 1.5 and 4 grams per day. Eat a heart-healthy diet. Drink enough fluids and avoid alcohol, which can increase your risk for dehydration. Stay physically active and start an exercise program.
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High Diastolic Blood Pressure Symptoms
High blood pressure does not typically cause notable symptoms. The AHA note that the common belief that high blood pressure will cause sweating, facial flushing, or a feeling of nervousness is a myth.
However, a person may experience nosebleeds or headaches if they are in a state of hypertensive crisis. If a person gets two blood pressure readings of 180/120 mm Hg or higher, with 5 minutes between the readings, they should contact 911 or seek emergency medical attention.
A person may have high blood pressure for years before they experience any complications. Some possible indirectly related symptoms include:
- dizziness
2016 study state that more research is necessary to understand exactly how anxiety raises blood pressure and why it only happens in some people, especially in young adults.
One suggestion is that mental stress may activate a particular part of the nervous system that triggers a cascade of hormones, which interfere with how the body regulates blood pressure.
Measuring Your Blood Pressure At Home
You can also diagnose yourself with hypertension by measuring your blood pressure at home. If readings are high over two visits at the doctors office, and if your blood pressure is higher than 135/85 mmHg when properly measured at home, then the diagnosis of hypertension can be made. This requires you to measure your blood pressure twice a day, in the morning and evening, for one week. Pay no attention to the measurements from the first day. Measuring blood pressure at home requires accurate equipment and proper measuring techniques. Measure the blood pressure of others in your house their blood pressure may also be high.
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What Are The Possible Signs And Symptoms Of Low Diastolic Blood Pressure
A diastolic blood pressure of somewhere between 60 and 90 mm Hg is good in older people. Once your blood pressure reading plummets to below 60 mm Hg, you may faint.
Many older people with low DBP get tired or dizzy and have frequent falls. Obviously, none of that is good news for people who are older and who may have brittle bones and poor healing. Common signs and symptoms of low DBP may include
- Feeling giddy
- Nausea
Studies have reported that very low DBP is associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Importantly, a study found that low DBP was associated with an increased likelihood of coronary heart disease events and mortality. Studies have explained that if individuals have DBP that is too low, there might not be enough blood flow to the heart muscle itself. This could lead to heart attacks or weakening of the heart muscle.
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Atrial Fibrillation Wont Cause Heart Attack But Can Lead To Other Serious Complications
I suffer from atrial fibrillation. Are my chances of getting a heart attack higher?
Answer:
Your risk of a heart attack is not increased due to atrial fibrillation, a rapid and irregular heartbeat that can cause symptoms requiring medical attention. The condition does not cause a heart attack. However, atrial fibrillation can lead to other serious complications, so it needs to be treated promptly and monitored closely.
During atrial fibrillation, the hearts two upper chambers beat chaotically and irregularly, out of coordination with the two lower chambers . Because of the uncoordinated heartbeat it produces, atrial fibrillation causes your heart to pump less effectively than normal. The result is that the heart sends less blood out to your body with each beat. This can cause a variety of symptoms, including decreased blood pressure, light-headedness, weakness and shortness of breath.
Occasionally, the rapid heart rate associated with atrial fibrillation can result in chest pain or discomfort because of reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. People who have pre-existing heart disease are particularly susceptible to this symptom of atrial fibrillation. Angina can be hard to distinguish from other types of chest pain, so if you experience chest pain, it is important to seek medical attention right away.
Talk to your doctor about the risks associated with atrial fibrillation and what you can do to reduce those risks.
Symptoms Of High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is known as the silent killer because it typically has no symptoms. In fact, most people dont even realize they have hypertension until their blood pressure is monitored.
Symptoms dont develop until the numbers get very high and organs get damaged, often irreversibly, says Dr. Desai.
If you have severe hypertension, you might notice the below symptoms, some of which were reported by patients in a study in the British Journal of General PracticeGoodhart A. Hypertension from the patients perspective. British Journal of General Practice. 2016 66:570. :
- Headaches
- Rapid heart rate
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Making The Exercise Habit Stick
Despite our best intentions, many of us struggle ditching our sedentary lifestyle. But there are steps you can take to make exercise less intimidating and more fun.
Start small and build momentum. If exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week sounds overwhelming, set a smaller goal and gradually build up as you gain self-confidence and momentum.
Reward yourself. Once it becomes a regular habit, exercise will reward you with more energy, better sleep, a greater sense of well-being, and improved cardiovascular health. When youre starting out, though, give yourself a simple reward for successfully completing a workout, such as having a hot bath or a favorite cup of coffee.
Choose activities you enjoy. Youre more likely to stick with a workout you find pleasurable. If you hate running but like yoga or dancing, for example, dont force yourself onto the treadmill every day. Pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste.
See How to Start Exercising and Stick to It to learn more.
The effects on your blood pressure
- 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, for five days of the week can reduce your reading by 4 to 11 mm Hg.